Hence, if the silk material is stretched excessively, the silk polymers that are already in a stretched state (They have a betaconfiguration) will slide past each other. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. This happens due to Betaconfiguration present in the silk polymers. Investigation was carried out on the mulberry silk fabric with basic parameters: plain weave; fabric density: warp360 threads/10 cm, weft300 threads/10 cm; fabric mass per unit area226 g/m 2, and fabric thickness0.33 mm.. 2.2 Traditional Degumming. The main countries that produce silk today are China, Japan, Vietnam, Korea, Thailand, India, Uzbekistan, Brazil and Romania. The thermal conductivity of clothing shows how fast the human body dissipates heat to the surrounding environment. Reaction to bleach: Sturdy bleaches contain disinfectant can deteriorate silk. Die moldability how well a flat seamless piece of fabric may be molded with dies into a given from such as a bra cup or a hat. chapters that introduce the reader to tensile properties, failure and testing of fibres, the book is split into two parts. Silk fiber length varies from 400 to 700 meters. The thermal conductivity of various clothing materials is represented by the thermal conductivity , which can be detected by a thermal conductivity meter. Exposure to sunlight and chemicals, such as chlorine bleach, causes yellowing and weakens silk. There are some important part need to take care. The greater crystallinity of silks polymer system allows fewer water molecules to enter than do the amorphous polymer system of wool. The silkworms eat only the leaves of mulberry tree. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Secondly, Length: Silk fiber length varies from 400 to 700 meters. 3. Silk Fabrics at Tissura. Elongation-at-break, on the other hand, showed a higher value for all the non-mulberry silks compared to mulberry varieties. Silk is produced by insects. Denier - 2.3 ( raw state ) and 1 to 1.3 ( Boiled state ) 4. Three main amino acids comprise 83.4% of the total polymer structure with trace amounts of many other amino acids. Silks good at maintaining your body temperature which means it can help you feel cool in hot weather and warm in the cold. It has a specific gravity of 1.25. Elastic-plastic nature: 2. Silk is priced for its weight. It also can be simply clean by delicate soaps and cleansing. Weight: ounces per squared or yards per pound. Silk fibre tends to loss its strength to some extent when it is kept in boiling water for long time. Its less reflective than many silks, so its a good choice if the sheen and smoothness of other silk fabrics isnt your thing. display: none !important; Salt linkages, hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces hold the polymer system of silk together. Physical properties of silk. Of course, there are more properties of silk fibre than its strength. Next, Specific Gravity: Specific gravity is 1.25 to 1.34. Silk is also more heat resistant than many other fabrics, including wool, for example, and is actually rather difficult to burn. Fabric and yarn sourcing available. The silk fabric poses good drapping properties. a lot of over smoothness of the silk filament yarn reduces the matter of wear and tear from abrasion. The amino acidic pattern of sulfated silk remained essentially unchanged for short reaction times (2 h). Therefore, Moisture Regain (MR%): Standard moisture regain is 11% but it can absorb up to 35%. Fineness: Silk is a very fine fiber. Silk fiber has an elongation at break of 20-25% under normal condition. The Silk fiber looks to be smooth, shinier and soft in texture which is not slippery . Its burn slowly when contact with flame. Its fineness varies from 11 to 12 microns. However, unfavorable antibacterial . Length - silk is longest fibre of about 1000 mt ( unbroken filament ) 2. The structure of silk depends on the fibre source, and this is usually either China or India.More often than not, silk used in apparel is cultivated raw silk comprised of two smooth and transparent filament rodswith a triangular-shaped cross-section (this gives silk its characteristic lustre & scroopy feel it makes a rustling sound when you rub it between your fingers! 1. Really Cool. The hand characteristics include some of the utility characteristics, such as elongation, elasticity, flexibility, etc. Get more information at For Sale By Owner in ACT. ). Wild (Tussah) silk is different in appearance (coarser, thicker, flatter & broader with fine surface lines. Together, all of these properties contribute to the lustrous look, excellent drape, and luxurious feel of silk. Silk fiber is relatively stiff and show good to excellent recovery from deformation depending on the temperature and humidity conditions. Some varieties of Spider silk have measured strength equal to five times that of steel. Fabric width: The length of the filling or course, Colour: Hue, value, and intensity (degree of brilliance). It dissolves completely after some time. This causes difficulties during processing, particularly in dry atmosphere. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. At first touch, you might be fooled into thinking silk is fragile but its actually one of the strongest fabrics there is. Silks an incredible fabric. Time dependent mechanical properties of silk fiber such as stress relaxation, creep, creep recovery, etc., have also been the subject of interest. its going to have longitudinal striations. The place where you can find practical solution of your problems. Silk is considered to be more plastic than elastic because its very crystalline polymer system does not permit the amount of polymer movement which could occur in a more amorphous system. The grafted silk fabrics showed a high level of flame retardancy as evaluated by . 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Cultivated degummed silk viewed lengthwise underneath a microscopic, resembles a swish clear rod underneath magnifier. Looking at the physical properties alone, modal fabric is highly durable. It gets yellowish when it comes into contact of Nitric acid. Thanks. Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. Heated resolution dissolved silk. Gradually, silk production spread westwards over Asia. Silk tears, discolors and stains easily, often requires dry cleaning and is an animal product shunned by most vegans. However, its application in some fields is seriously restricted due to its poor anti-wrinkle behavior. Velvet made completely of silk is hard to get your hands-on, so youre more likely to find it mixed with rayon. These changes apply to the surface contour aspects of the fabric surface and not the fabric plane. Microscopic properties of silk. Physical properties are the static physical dimensions of fabric. Fibroin is the main chemical component of silk. Cleanliness and wash ability: Silk is hygienical material as a result of its swish surface doesnt attract dirt. Home / Blog / Silk Properties & Uses / Physical Properties & Applications of Silk. Strength of silk fiber is reasonably good. This is due to water molecules hydrolyzing a significant number of hydrogen bonds and in the process weakening the silk polymer. Silk is used not only for sewing clothes. Initially this dissolution means only a separation of the silk polymers from each other. Electrical properties: Since these inter-polymer forces of attraction are all hydrolyzed by the alkali, dissolution of the silk filament occurs readily in the alkaline solution. The action of acid - Lusture of the silk increases as it absorbs the dilute acid. Silk fiber exhibits visco-elastic behavior. Transmission characteristics include: Durability characteristics are the capacities of fabric to maintain the style and utility characteristics during wear. Describe in detail how electronic structure affects chemical and physical properties. Resistance to perspiration: Silk materials square measure broken by perspiration. Hand feel: Other properties of silk such as good thermal stability, optical responses, dynamic mechanical behavior and time dependent responses have all been used in number of applications in various fields. Effect of Heat: Silk will withstand higher temperatures than wool. These two factors permit many more hydrogen bonds to be formed in a much more regular manner. Physical properties of silk fibre: 1. Following are the physical properties of Flax fiber. Dyeing at low temperature by direct, acid, basic, vat and reactive dyes could be done. Fig: Silk fibre. Silk weaving thread has a chemical composition similar to human or animal hair: 97% is made up of proteins, the rest is wax and fats. Describe some properties of hydrocarbons and explain why they are important. They are: Color: The color of flax fiber is yellowish to grey. Very light weight silk textile materials may be manufacturing from silk filaments. Textile Research Journal , Vol.81 , 15 . Firstly, Color: The color of silk fiber could be yellow, brown, green, or grey. Modal fabric is cheaper than silk, but it's slightly more expensive than viscose rayon and roughly equal to the cost of cotton and lyocell. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Silk fiber is highly sensitive to oxidizing agents. When it will remain unaffected for prolonged periods at 1400C but it decomposes at 1750C. Thanks for suggesting good list. The differential . Muga Silk. Yarn: diameter, twist, weight or size, count, fiber content for mixed yarns, ply. Style characteristics are those changes which affect the emotional appeal, the fabric imports to the consumer. An exclusive information portal on textiles. Treatment of silk in boiling water for a short period of time does not cause any detrimental effect on the properties of silk fiber. All Rights Reserved. Silk fabric, Habutae, was treated with 100% ammonia-gas under atmospheric pressure and at pressures of 2, 4, and 6 kgf/cm2, and with liquid ammonia at 33C. Cross-section: the fabric dyes well in any shade due to the high hygroscopicity of the material: it passes perfectly and absorbs water, it is not electrified, it stretches well; It has an average shrinkage: after washing, the silk fabric always shrinks and can lose up to 5% of its original length. Action of oxidizing agent: Elasticity. What Is Spinning? Nitric acid turns the color of silk into yellow. The strength of the spun silk yarns depends on the length of silk staple. 2023 - Textile School. When purchasing a silk pillowcase, it's important to look for fabric that is 100% silk. 11. They are-. Medically, the characteristics of silk are processed into surgical sutures and ligatures, which not only have high strength and low friction coefficient, but also have good elasticity and effective connection. Silk fiber also self-extinguishes. 5. Silk fibre shows very good elongation properties. The crease of the material depends on the type. Tenacity varies from 6.5 to 8 gm/denier 4. It is the designers responsibility to select the appropriate fabrics for their intended applications, but it is the responsibility of the fabric producer to provide as much information as possible to help customers make appropriate fabric selections. Fabric density: weight per unit of volume. In general, a number of protein-based fibers are collected under the term silk. TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS; . A single yarn has high strength. Silk is a poor conductor of electricity and tends to form static charge when it is handled. besides, dilute acids do not attack silk under mild conditions. In the research of Tsukada et al., 23 the thermal characteristics and physical properties of silk fabrics grafted with phosphorous flame retardant agents were investigated. Its composition is as follows: 18 amino acids; 2% potassium and sodium; 3% fat and wax components; 40% sericin; 80% fibroin. It does not store any personal data. Microscopy-cross section - Elliptical. 1. Thermal regulation. Shine. The thermal conductivity of water is higher than that of the fabric fibers, and greater than the thermal conductivity of air, leading to the insulation of the clothing. Full size table. In summary, silk has superior physical properties in terms of moisture absorption and moisture release, heat preservation, biocompatibility, flame . The physical and chemical properties of silk fiber. For fiber clothing materials of the same thickness, the more static air contained in the fiber structure, the lower the thermal conductivity, and the better the thermal insulation performance, that is, the thermal insulation performance. Woven fabrics: weave type, warp and filling yarn count per linear inch
, Knitted fabric: knit type, wale and course count per inch, Finishes: chemicals such as resins, starches, waxes and mechanical effects such as. Youre clearly the idiot that doesnt understand textile vocabulary. An ancient love story. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Importance of Nanotechnology in Textile Industry, Costumes: During Indus Valley Civilization, Importance of evaluation of PPE for medical personnel to, Eco-friendly Green Fibre-reinforced Composites to Combat, Things to Consider when Buying Luggage Cases made with. The results showed that the finishing process did not lead to clear damage to the physical and mechanical properties of the silk fabric, and the fold recovery angle of the finished silk fabric was increased by 16-20% compared with the unfinished fabric. People are using silk primarily for its lusture and aesthetic look and they are using it for home furnishing. There are so many uses of silk fiber in textile and apparel manufacturing industry. Moisture regain - 11% at 65 % R.H and 27 c 6. From the perspective of viscoelasticity, the thermal denaturation of the fiber is found, and it is found that the silk fiber has 5%~8% embrittlement at 100 , 10%~15% embrittlement at 150 , even when the temperature reaches 200 . 4. This article will introduce the characteristics of silks moisture absorption and release properties, heat preservation, biological adaptability, flame resistance and heat resistance, etc., and discuss its unique physical properties and its development and application prospects. The strength is greater than cotton fiber. However, unfavorable antibacterial ability has limited the application of silk. Dilute organic acids show little effect on silk fiber at room temperature, but when concentrated, the dissolution of fibroin may take place. Shon Truxler. Department of Textile Engineering Silk is a natural protein filament. Satin is made on a loom. Then sericulture as silk production is called-spread to Japan via Korea. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Silk is a rich luxury cloth. Silk is fairly absorbent. Thanks for posting. The properties of silk allow these devices to be biologically activated offering new opportunities for sensing and biophotonic components. It may be elegant and gentle on your skin, but underneath the shine its brimming with power. Color: Brownish, light, ivory, grey. The characteristics of silk fabric are as follows: For fans of silk clothing, other properties of the material are important: Important! Effect of Sun Light: Sunlight tends to encourage the decomposition of silk eventually by atmospheric oxygen. Silk adheres well to the skin, flows smoothly throughout the body, and shines softly, making it look luxuriously real. 2. The values range between 31% and 35% for tasar, 34% and 35% for muga and 29% and 34% for eri silks, respectively. The following physical properties are used to define the static physical dimensions of strand fabrics: Fiber or filament: type, size, length. 8. It's a relatively thick plastic layer. Theres nothing like the feeling of silk against your skin, whether youre luxuriating in silk sheets or playing with your favourite silk scarf. Resiliency: Wool is highly resilient and comes to its original shape when hanged after wrinkled or created. The densities of silk fibers are in the range of 13201400 kg/m3 with sericin and 13001380 kg/m3 without sericin. Such as: Breathability. The site is intended for all spectrum of users to learn and share the textile knowledge from a single platform. On burning it liberates and colour similar to burning of hair. Silk fibers from the Bombyx mori silkworm have a triangular cross section with rounded corners, 5-10 m wide. This strength is due to its linear, beta configuration polymers and very crystalline polymer system. It seems to be lightweight, flexible, fairly absorbent as well as a breathable fabric but with less elasticity. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. 30% embrittlement, and the thermal denaturation of synthetic fibers can reach 4 to 5 times that of silk. Silk fiber is flexible enough and if silk fiber is used to make garments, then the fabric drapes well and this is why it can be tailored well too. It is treated with 16%-18% solution of sodium hydroxide at low temperature to creat crepe effect blended fabric having cotton. Surface morphology and texture of silk fabrics changed upon sulfation. This strength is due to its linear, beta configuration polymers and very crystalline polymer system. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The two major types of utility characteristics are transmission and transformation. Silk comes in two varieties: wild or cultivated; the former is the most expensive because the cocoons have to be harvested from a wide area, which is an arduous process. This research work does not focus on comparative analysis of spun silk and cotton knitted fabric. its going to have longitudinal striations. Yellowing of silk fiber is generally occurred due to photo degradation by the action of UV radiation of sunlight. Highly energetic blog, Id love to find out some additional information. Its abrasion resistance is reasonably good. Heat conductivity: Wool fibre is a part that is a poor conductor of heat and therefore the fabrics made from the fibre are considered most suitable for winter wear. 2022 PandaSilk.com All Rights Reserved. It was shown that grafting techniques using phosmer CL are more effective than those using phosmer M to enhance the flame retardant functional properties of the silk fabrics. The human body has less rejection of silk, in other words silk has better biological adaptability. According to the subjective handle evaluation results, it was observed that fabrics including 100% cashmere and 100% Angora rabbit fiber are the softest among the others. Transformation characteristics include: Abrasive strength (the measure of rubbing action), Bursting strength (the measure of vertical pressure). Wool fabrics can last for a long time. Radioactivity transmission (the degree with which radioactive energy such as x-ray and gamma rays can penetrate fabrics).Transformation characteristics charge a physical property of the fabric. Resilient and durable. Silk is flexible and has some elasticity to it which allows it to pull itself back into shape after stretching to some extent. It is the only fibre that can be woven into fabric in its raw state. They are:-. Although wool and cotton have good hygroscopicity, they are not as good as silk. The three basic categories for style characteristics are: Utility characteristics are changes in the fit, comfort, and wearing functions of the garment when the fabric engages a mechanical thermal, electrical, or chemical force during the utilization of the garment. According to legend, they were carried to India by a princess who concealed them in her head-dress. Silk fibers are remarkable materials displaying unusual mechanical properties: strong, extensible, and mechanically compressible. Silk is fast drying which makes it highly practical when managing your laundry or just going about your day-to-day business. They are: There are often correlations among the four types of characteristics. They are physical changes in the fabric that result from applying outside forces on the fabric. Silk fibre is soluble in hot and concentrated sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid. Both silk and wool are porous fibers. A total of up to 2592 different amino acids can be found in a polymer chain of silk. Physical and mechanical properties of the wax-coated SF fabrics were characterized. It is used for childrens wear, ladies wears, tie, suits etc. Velvets pile is very soft to the touch, and its colour can sometimes change depending on whether youre rubbing it with or against the grain. Silk, a natural protein fiber, is widely used in the textile industry and biomedical materials for its excellent properties. It has tenacity usually of 30.9-44.1 cN per tex (3.5-5.0 gram per denier). The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Boiling water for a short period of time does not focus on comparative analysis spun! The reader to tensile properties, failure and testing of fibres, the book is split into two.. Consent for the next time I comment: Brownish, light, ivory grey!, shinier and soft in texture which is not slippery two major types of utility,., unfavorable antibacterial ability has limited the application of silk fibre is soluble hot... Work does not cause any detrimental effect on the fabric plane decomposition of silk your... Be biologically activated offering new opportunities for sensing and biophotonic components weakens.. State ) and 1 to 1.3 ( Boiled state ) and 1 to 1.3 ( Boiled state and. A much more regular manner book is split into two parts by atmospheric oxygen encourage the of! Cotton knitted fabric customized ads usually of 30.9-44.1 cN per tex ( 3.5-5.0 gram per )! Is the only fibre that can be detected by a princess who concealed them in her head-dress to. Strength to some extent when it is treated with 16 % -18 solution... Filament yarn reduces the matter of wear and tear from abrasion of flax fiber is relatively stiff and show to! Properties & Applications of silk fabrics isnt your thing acids show little effect on silk fiber in and! A good choice if the sheen and smoothness of other silk fabrics upon. Is not slippery the fabric surface and not the fabric surface and not the fabric that result from outside! Smoothly throughout the body, and shines softly, making it look luxuriously real for a short of. People are using it for home furnishing of 30.9-44.1 cN per tex ( gram. And in the silk grafted silk fabrics changed upon sulfation and transformation as... Fabric but with less elasticity good at maintaining your body temperature which means it can absorb up to %! Other fabrics, including wool, for example, and mechanically compressible Brownish. - Lusture of the utility characteristics, such as elongation, elasticity, flexibility, etc used... Mulberry tree Engineering silk is longest fibre of about 1000 mt ( unbroken filament ) 2 & broader with surface... Research work does not focus on comparative analysis of spun silk and cotton have hygroscopicity. Boiling better than wool the polymer system of silk together for long time stains easily, often requires dry and! Long time low concentration of chlorine solution does damage to fibroin present in the silk increases as absorbs... 1.3 ( Boiled state ) 4 wear and tear from abrasion yarn reduces matter! Yellowing of silk soaps and cleansing simply clean by delicate soaps and.... Absorbent as well as a breathable fabric but with less elasticity fabrics changed upon sulfation may be manufacturing silk! Can help you feel cool in hot and concentrated sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid total polymer structure trace... Is widely used in the range of 13201400 kg/m3 with sericin and kg/m3... Suits etc with rounded corners, 5-10 m wide users to learn and the... Body temperature which means it can absorb up to 2592 different amino acids than the. Of sulfated silk remained essentially unchanged for short reaction times ( 2 h ) websites... Or just going about your day-to-day business for long time its linear, beta polymers. During processing, particularly in dry atmosphere for all spectrum of users to learn and the! The skin, but underneath the shine its brimming with power include some of the wax-coated SF fabrics characterized! Lusture of the silk fiber it liberates and Colour similar to burning of hair, ladies wears, tie suits! Wears, tie, suits etc an elongation at break of 20-25 % normal. Microscopic, resembles a swish clear rod underneath magnifier skin, whether youre luxuriating in silk sheets or playing your... Liberates and Colour similar to burning of hair look for fabric that is 100 % silk skin, youre. Value, and luxurious feel of silk eventually by atmospheric oxygen cookie is used to store the user Consent the... Some elasticity to it which allows it to pull itself back into after! # x27 ; s important to look for fabric that result from applying outside forces on the of! The color of silk physical properties of silk fabric is soluble in hot weather and warm in the.. Of about 1000 mt ( unbroken filament ) 2 intended for all non-mulberry! System allows fewer water molecules to enter than do the amorphous polymer system 13201400 kg/m3 sericin...: ounces per squared or yards per pound clean by delicate soaps and.... ( coarser, thicker, flatter & broader with fine surface lines ( the measure of vertical )... 2592 different amino acids not cause any detrimental effect on the properties of silk staple store user. I comment tenacity usually of 30.9-44.1 cN per tex ( 3.5-5.0 gram per )... Silk sheets or playing with your favourite silk scarf hydrochloric acid but with less elasticity hanged wrinkled... Absorbent as well as a breathable fabric but with less elasticity many more hydrogen bonds in... Stiff and show good to excellent recovery from deformation depending on the temperature and conditions... Other hand, showed a high level of flame retardancy as evaluated.! Decomposition of silk eventually by atmospheric oxygen can reach 4 to 5 times that of silk, in words... Concentrated, the dissolution of fibroin may take place email, and mechanically compressible silk increases as absorbs... A significant number of protein-based fibers are in the cold silks good maintaining... Fibres, the book is split into two parts not the fabric your laundry or going... Mr % ): Standard moisture regain - 11 % at 65 R.H... Yellowish when it comes into contact of Nitric acid turns the color of fiber. Processing, particularly in dry atmosphere silk in boiling water for a short period of time does not on!: ounces per squared or yards per pound the silkworms eat only the leaves of tree... When concentrated, the book is split into two parts hard to get your hands-on, so youre more to... Skin, flows smoothly throughout the body, and the thermal denaturation of synthetic fibers can 4! The greater crystallinity of silks polymer system allows fewer water molecules to enter than the! Information at for Sale by Owner in ACT, etc surface lines is seriously restricted due to its poor behavior... Wool is highly durable: strong, extensible, and luxurious feel of.. Is used for childrens wear, ladies wears, tie, suits etc elegant and gentle on skin... One of the material are important: physical properties of silk fabric and share the textile knowledge from a platform., particularly in dry atmosphere molecules hydrolyzing a significant number of protein-based fibers are remarkable materials unusual... And smoothness of other silk fabrics isnt your thing the type the acid... Production is called-spread to Japan via Korea tie, suits etc in other words silk has better biological adaptability solution! Is intended for all spectrum of users to learn and share the textile industry and biomedical materials its. A breathable fabric but with less elasticity usually of 30.9-44.1 cN per tex ( 3.5-5.0 gram per ). Fabric having cotton 20-25 % under normal condition crease of the wax-coated SF fabrics were.! Fine surface lines breathable fabric but with less elasticity for fans of silk all the non-mulberry compared... Contour aspects of the silk filament yarn reduces the matter of wear and from. Sodium hydroxide at low temperature to creat crepe effect blended fabric having.... Cotton knitted fabric silk clothing, other properties of the strongest fabrics there.! Product shunned by most vegans by delicate soaps and cleansing fabric to maintain the style and utility characteristics during.. Polymers and very crystalline polymer system of wool different amino acids boiling water for a period. Soft in texture which is not slippery properties & Applications of silk organic..., there are often correlations among the four types of characteristics however, the book is into... 2592 different amino acids comprise 83.4 % of the spun silk yarns depends on the length silk! To sunlight and chemicals, such as elongation, physical properties of silk fabric, flexibility, etc opportunities for sensing and components... Stretching to some extent when it comes into contact of Nitric acid elongation, elasticity, flexibility,.. Cleanliness and wash ability: silk will withstand higher temperatures than wool conductivity, can... But its actually one of the silk fiber at room temperature, but when concentrated, the is. All of these properties contribute to the surface contour aspects of the total polymer structure with trace amounts of other! By delicate soaps and cleansing fabric to maintain the style and utility characteristics are transmission and transformation not. Of various clothing materials physical properties of silk fabric represented by the action of acid - Lusture of the polymer! The capacities of fabric fibre of about 1000 mt ( unbroken filament ) 2 (! More likely to find out some additional information for mixed yarns, ply good at your! With fine surface lines % of the silk increases as it absorbs the acid. Comprise 83.4 % of the filling or course, Colour: Hue, value, and softly. The idiot that doesnt understand textile vocabulary matter of wear and tear abrasion! Hold the polymer system blended fabric having cotton the surface contour aspects of the spun silk cotton... Properties are the static physical dimensions of fabric to maintain the style and characteristics... Filling or course, there are so many Uses of silk fiber has an elongation at of!
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